Driven by the policy of continuous transformation of energy supply structure, how to promote the development of wind power photovoltaic industry is a problem we should think about.
Since the implementation of the "dual carbon" policy, energy conservation and carbon reduction have become an industry consensus. The development of the wind power photovoltaic industry is of great significance to reducing carbon emissions and optimizing the energy structure.
On March 29, the National Energy Administration issued the "Guiding Opinions on Energy Work in 2022" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), which clearly proposed to vigorously develop wind power photovoltaics and build a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient modern energy system.
Continuous transformation of energy supply structure
The "Opinions" pointed out that the proportion of coal consumption has steadily declined, the proportion of non-fossil energy in total energy consumption has increased to about 17.3%, and the new electric energy has replaced about 180 billion kWh of electricity. The proportion reaches about 12.2%.
Driven by the policy of continuous transformation of energy supply structure, how to promote the development of wind power photovoltaic industry is a problem we should think about.
Based on scenery, supported by coal power
Although wind power photovoltaic is a green and clean energy, it still needs coal power as support. Wind power photovoltaic construction is generally deployed in areas rich in wind energy and light energy resources, requiring a large area. At the same time, wind power photovoltaic is easily affected by weather, and the power generation is unstable. In order to ensure the smooth operation of the power supply system, coal power is usually used for peak regulation.
The "Opinions" also pointed out that the construction of a new energy supply and consumption system based on large-scale wind and solar bases, supported by the surrounding clean, efficient, advanced and energy-saving coal power, and with stable, safe and reliable UHV power transmission and transformation lines as the carrier.
Resource as the premise, energy storage is the key
To realize the development of the wind power photovoltaic industry, in addition to having abundant wind and solar resources, it is also necessary to overcome the difficulties of energy storage. The energy storage element is indispensable in the independent photovoltaic power generation system. The solar radiation energy is first converted into electrical energy through the photovoltaic array, and then converted by the power electronic converter to supply power to the load. At the same time, the excess electrical energy is stored in the energy storage device in the form of chemical energy after passing through the charge controller.
my country's power grid is constructed based on the characteristics of thermal power. Electricity is directly supplied to users through the grid, and there is a lack of energy storage systems for wind power and photovoltaics. Therefore, the development of new energy storage technologies represented by electrochemical energy storage, electromagnetic energy storage and compressed air energy storage will become the only way for wind power photovoltaic development.
Adjust measures to local conditions and rationally optimize industrial layout
my country has a vast land and abundant resources, but the development of wind power and photovoltaic cannot be "one size fits all", and it must be rationally arranged in combination with industrial characteristics and regional advantages.
Photovoltaic power generation uses photovoltaic panels to convert solar energy into electrical energy after receiving light irradiation, while wind power generation converts wind energy into electrical energy. It uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to realize electrical energy conversion. From the perspective of conversion rate, Wind power generation is higher, photovoltaic technology is very mature, but the conversion rate is low. Wind power requires a lot of floor space, and photovoltaic power generation has high requirements for light and heat resources. Therefore, when developing the wind power photovoltaic industry, we should pay attention to local conditions and give full play to the advantages of local resources.
Can wind power photovoltaics replace traditional coal power?
In terms of resource distribution, my country is rich in wind and solar resources. If we can break through the technical barriers of energy storage and solve the problem of long-term transportation losses, we can achieve the optimization of the energy structure. At present, the proportion of coal power installed capacity in my country is less than 50%, while the installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaics is increasing at an annual scale of 60 million kilowatts, and it is expected to achieve a total installed capacity of 1.3 billion kilowatts by 2030. In terms of installed capacity, wind power and photovoltaics are developing rapidly. With photovoltaic power generation connected to the grid, wind power and photovoltaic + energy storage models are expected to replace traditional coal power in the future.